Stage 4 - algebra – solve linear equations using graphical techniques
Strategy
Students can:
- Recognise that each point on the graph of a linear relationship represents a solution to a linear equation
- Graph two intersecting lines on the same set of axes and read off the point of intersection
- Understand that point of intersection of two lines represents the only solution that satisfies both equations
- Solve linear simultaneous equations by finding the point of intersection of their graphs
Activities to support the strategy
There are three strategies that students may use to find the point of intersection of two linear equations.
The first strategy is for students to carefully graph the equations on a number plane. An accurate graph will allow the point of intersection to be read off.
The second strategy relies on students understanding that each point on a line represents the coordinate values which satisfy the linear equation. In this way the point of intersection can be found by substituting to find values which satisfy bath linear equations.
The third strategy is to solve the linear equations simultaneously. This algebraic approach will yield the point of intersection.
Activity 1
Students should review the process of graphing straight lines.
Students should then practice graphing pairs of linear equations. Reading off the point of intersection will yield the answer required.
Activity 2
Use a graphing software program such as GeoGebra may be used to graph pairs of linear equations and find their points of intersection. A number of online examples and tutorials are also available.
Activity 3
More advanced students should investigate the algebraic process of solving simultaneous equations. There are two main methods, elimination and substitution. Both methods should be modelled and students given adequate practice to build confidence.
References
Australian curriculum reference
ACMNA194: Solve linear equations using graphical techniques
ACMNA237: Solve linear simultaneous equations, using algebraic and graphical techniques, including with the use of digital technologies
NSW syllabus reference
MA4-11NA: Creates and displays number patterns; graphs and analyses linear relationships; and performs transformations on the Cartesian plane
MA5.2-8NA; Solves linear and simple quadratic equations, linear inequalities and linear simultaneous equations, using analytical and graphical techniques
Student resources
An open source dynamic mathematics software for learning and teaching at all levels. A geometry package providing for both graphical and algebraic input.